Early Signs of Developmental Delays: When to Act
Every child develops at their own pace, but there are general milestones that serve as important indicators of healthy development. When a child consistently misses these milestones, it may be an early sign of a developmental delay. Identifying these signs early and accessing support services can make a significant difference in long-term outcomes.
What Are Developmental Delays?
A developmental delay occurs when a child does not reach developmental milestones at the expected age. These delays may occur in one or more of the following areas:
- Cognitive: Problem-solving and learning skills
- Language and Communication: Understanding and using language
- Motor Skills: Gross and fine motor abilities
- Social and Emotional: Interacting with others and managing emotions
Evidence-Based Milestones and Red Flags
The CDC and WHO provide milestone checklists to track typical development. Below are key milestones and red flags for concern:
At 6 Months
- Expected: Rolls over, responds to name, starts babbling
- Red Flags: No social smile, no response to sounds, very floppy or stiff limbs
At 12 Months
- Expected: Says basic words (mama, dada), pulls to stand, points to things
- Red Flags: Doesn’t crawl, doesn’t point or wave, no single words
At 18–24 Months
- Expected: Walks independently, uses 10–50 words, follows simple instructions
- Red Flags: No clear words, doesn’t imitate actions, shows no interest in others
At 3 Years
- Expected: Speaks in sentences, plays with other children, climbs stairs
- Red Flags: Limited speech, frequent falls, lack of pretend play
If your child exhibits several red flags or regresses in skills they previously had, it’s important to seek evaluation as soon as possible.
When and How to Act
Early identification leads to early intervention, which is key to improving outcomes. Parents should:
- Discuss concerns with a pediatrician
- Request a developmental screening
- Keep a journal of observed behaviors and missed milestones
Understanding Early Intervention Programs
Early Intervention (EI) refers to services that support infants and toddlers with developmental delays. In Singapore, the Early Intervention Programme for Infants and Children (EIPIC) is one such example, supported by SG Enable and the Ministry of Social and Family Development (MSF).
What to Expect from Early Intervention:
- Assessment: Multidisciplinary team evaluates developmental areas
- Individualized Support: Tailored plans including speech therapy, occupational therapy, and special education
- Parent Involvement: Training and support to reinforce strategies at home
- Progress Monitoring: Regular review and updates to support goals
Why Early Action Matters
Research shows that children who receive support before age 3 have significantly better outcomes in communication, learning, and behavior. The earlier a delay is identified, the more effectively it can be addressed.
FAQ
- Is it normal for children to reach milestones at slightly different times?
- Yes, small variations are normal. However, consistent or significant delays should be evaluated by a professional.
- What is the first step if I suspect a delay?
- Speak with your pediatrician or contact an early intervention agency for developmental screening.
- Can children with delays catch up?
- Many children who receive early intervention do catch up with their peers, especially when delays are mild and addressed early.
Scientific and Professional Sources
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) – Developmental Milestones: cdc.gov/ncbddd/actearly
- World Health Organization (WHO) – Nurturing Care Framework
- SingHealth – Department of Developmental and Behavioural Paediatrics
- MSF Singapore – Early Intervention Services: msf.gov.sg
If you are concerned about your child’s development, trust your instincts. Early support can make a world of difference.
It takes a village to raise a child !
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